Monte Carlo · 1,000 simulations
Each simulation draws a random return each year from a lognormal distribution with the stated mean and volatility. Bands show where outcomes fall.
Projections are hypothetical. Returns are lognormal with stated parameters; 1,000 independent paths. Past market performance does not guarantee future results.
Scenario comparison
Deterministic paths under different market regimes. Stress scenarios apply the shock in early years then revert to base.
Scenario returns are applied before fees and taxes. Sequence-of-returns risk — shown in stress scenarios — can significantly reduce outcomes even when the long-run average return is unchanged.